Preciso fazer um upgrade de memória no meu PC, e para consultar detalhes do hardware, sem abrir o gabinete, utilizei o comando lshw (list hardware), disponível nativamente no Ubuntu Linux 10.04 Lucid Lynx:
Comando:
# lshw -short -sanitize
Resultado:
H/W path Device Class Description
==========================================================
system P5K SE
/0 bus P5K SE
/0/0 memory 64KiB BIOS
/0/4 processor Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU E8400 @ 3.00GHz
/0/4/5 memory 32KiB L1 cache
/0/4/6 memory 6MiB L2 cache
/0/30 memory 4GiB System Memory
/0/30/0 memory 2GiB DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns)
/0/30/1 memory DIMM [empty]
/0/30/2 memory 2GiB DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns)
/0/30/3 memory DIMM [empty]
/0/100 bridge 82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express DRAM Controller
/0/100/1 bridge 82G33/G31/P35/P31 Express PCI Express Root Port
/0/100/1/0 display G84 [GeForce 8600GT]
/0/100/1a bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4
/0/100/1a.1 bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5
/0/100/1a.2 bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #6
/0/100/1a.7 bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2
/0/100/1b multimedia 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller
/0/100/1c bridge 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 1
/0/100/1c.4 bridge 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 5
/0/100/1c.4/0 scsi4 storage 88SE6121 SATA II Controller
/0/100/1c.4/0/0.1.0 /dev/cdrom disk DVDRAM GSA-H42N
/0/100/1c.5 bridge 82801I (ICH9 Family) PCI Express Port 6
/0/100/1c.5/0 eth0 network L1 Gigabit Ethernet Adapter
/0/100/1d bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1
/0/100/1d.1 bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2
/0/100/1d.2 bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3
/0/100/1d.7 bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1
/0/100/1e bridge 82801 PCI Bridge
/0/100/1f bridge 82801IB (ICH9) LPC Interface Controller
/0/100/1f.2 scsi0 storage 82801IB (ICH9) 2 port SATA IDE Controller
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0 /dev/sda disk 500GB ST3500630AS
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0/1 /dev/sda1 volume 48GiB Windows NTFS volume
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0/2 /dev/sda2 volume 7632MiB EXT3 volume
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0/2/5 /dev/sda5 volume 7632MiB Linux swap / Solaris partition
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0/3 /dev/sda3 volume 21GiB EXT3 volume
/0/100/1f.2/0.0.0/4 /dev/sda4 volume 387GiB Windows NTFS volume
/0/100/1f.3 bus 82801I (ICH9 Family) SMBus Controller
/0/100/1f.5 storage 82801I (ICH9 Family) 2 port SATA IDE Controller
/1 vboxnet0 network Ethernet interfaceA opção -short retorna uma síntese dos recursos da máquina, e a opção -sanitize remove os seriais de fabricação dos hardwares listados.
É possível ainda emitir o retorno em HTML ou XML, com as opções -html e -xml respectivamente. Além disso, pode-se especificar que classe de hardware deseja exibir:
Exemplo com a opção sanitize, retorno em XML e especificando para exibir apenas detalhes referentes à memória:
Comando:
# lshw -sanitize -xml -c memory
Resultado:
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?> <!-- generated by lshw-B.02.14 --> <!-- GCC 4.4.3 --> <!-- Linux 2.6.32-23-generic #37-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jun 11 08:03:28 UTC 2010 x86_64 --> <!-- GNU libc 2 (glibc 2.11.1) --> <node id="firmware" claimed="true" class="memory" handle=""> <description>BIOS</description> <vendor>American Megatrends Inc.</vendor> <physid>0</physid> <version>1104 (07/07/2008)</version> <size units="bytes">65536</size> <capacity units="bytes">983040</capacity> <capabilities> <capability id="isa" >ISA bus</capability> <capability id="pci" >PCI bus</capability> <capability id="pnp" >Plug-and-Play</capability> <capability id="apm" >Advanced Power Management</capability> <capability id="upgrade" >BIOS EEPROM can be upgraded</capability> <capability id="shadowing" >BIOS shadowing</capability> <capability id="escd" >ESCD</capability> <capability id="cdboot" >Booting from CD-ROM/DVD</capability> <capability id="bootselect" >Selectable boot path</capability> <capability id="socketedrom" >BIOS ROM is socketed</capability> <capability id="edd" >Enhanced Disk Drive extensions</capability> <capability id="int13floppy1200" >5.25" 1.2MB floppy</capability> <capability id="int13floppy720" >3.5" 720KB floppy</capability> <capability id="int13floppy2880" >3.5" 2.88MB floppy</capability> <capability id="int5printscreen" >Print Screen key</capability> <capability id="int9keyboard" >i8042 keyboard controller</capability> <capability id="int14serial" >INT14 serial line control</capability> <capability id="int17printer" >INT17 printer control</capability> <capability id="int10video" >INT10 CGA/Mono video</capability> <capability id="acpi" >ACPI</capability> <capability id="usb" >USB legacy emulation</capability> <capability id="ls120boot" >Booting from LS-120</capability> <capability id="zipboot" >Booting from ATAPI ZIP</capability> <capability id="biosbootspecification" >BIOS boot specification</capability> </capabilities> </node> <node id="cache:0" claimed="true" class="memory" handle="DMI:0005"> <description>L1 cache</description> <physid>5</physid> <slot>L1-Cache</slot> <size units="bytes">32768</size> <capacity units="bytes">32768</capacity> <capabilities> <capability id="internal" >Internal</capability> <capability id="write-back" >Write-back</capability> <capability id="data" >Data cache</capability> </capabilities> </node> <node id="cache:1" claimed="true" class="memory" handle="DMI:0006"> <description>L2 cache</description> <physid>6</physid> <slot>L2-Cache</slot> <size units="bytes">6291456</size> <capacity units="bytes">6291456</capacity> <capabilities> <capability id="internal" >Internal</capability> <capability id="write-back" >Write-back</capability> <capability id="data" >Data cache</capability> </capabilities> </node> <node id="memory" claimed="true" class="memory" handle="DMI:0030"> <description>System Memory</description> <physid>30</physid> <slot>System board or motherboard</slot> <size units="bytes">4294967296</size> <node id="bank:0" claimed="true" class="memory" handle="DMI:0032"> <description>DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns)</description> <product>PartNum0</product> <vendor>Manufacturer0</vendor> <physid>0</physid> <serial>[REMOVED]</serial> <slot>DIMM0</slot> <size units="bytes">2147483648</size> <width units="bits">64</width> <clock units="Hz">800000000</clock> </node> <node id="bank:1" claimed="true" class="memory" handle="DMI:0034"> <description>DIMM [empty]</description> <product>PartNum1</product> <vendor>Manufacturer1</vendor> <physid>1</physid> <serial>[REMOVED]</serial> <slot>DIMM1</slot> </node> <node id="bank:2" claimed="true" class="memory" handle="DMI:0036"> <description>DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns)</description> <product>PartNum2</product> <vendor>Manufacturer2</vendor> <physid>2</physid> <serial>[REMOVED]</serial> <slot>DIMM2</slot> <size units="bytes">2147483648</size> <width units="bits">64</width> <clock units="Hz">800000000</clock> </node> <node id="bank:3" claimed="true" class="memory" handle="DMI:0038"> <description>DIMM [empty]</description> <product>PartNum3</product> <vendor>Manufacturer3</vendor> <physid>3</physid> <serial>[REMOVED]</serial> <slot>DIMM3</slot> </node> </node>
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